Abstract
The rapid evolution of supply chain systems under Industry 4.0 and the emerging paradigms of Industry 5.0 has emphasized the critical role of digitalization, predictive intelligence, and sustainable practices in logistics and operations management. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force, enabling advanced predictive analytics, real-time decision-making, supply chain visibility, and risk mitigation across diverse sectors. This study presents a comprehensive exploration of AI applications in modern supply chain management (SCM), integrating insights from logistics, finance, sustainability, and resilience frameworks. The research synthesizes findings from empirical studies, systematic reviews, and applied industry cases, highlighting AI-driven optimization in agricultural, manufacturing, and retail supply networks. Key methodologies discussed include neural networks, reinforcement learning algorithms, predictive analytics, and blockchain integration, with a focus on their contribution to supply chain visibility, performance, and resilience. Challenges such as data heterogeneity, implementation barriers, and ethical considerations are critically analyzed. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the interplay between AI networks and sustainable supply chain finance, illustrating the dual objectives of efficiency enhancement and environmental responsibility. The findings demonstrate that AI not only streamlines operational workflows but also fosters strategic alignment, inter-organizational collaboration, and adaptive risk management, creating a robust foundation for resilient, sustainable, and intelligent supply chains. Implications for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers are discussed, with recommendations for future research directions targeting Industry 5.0 ecosystems. This work advances the theoretical and practical understanding of AI’s integrative role in SCM, establishing a roadmap for leveraging technological innovations to achieve comprehensive supply chain optimization.