ABU RAYHAN AL-BIRUNI: PIONEER OF SCIENCE AND SCHOLARSHIP
Abstract
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, an eminent scholar of the medieval Islamic world, made significant contributions to various fields of science and scholarship during the 11th century. His work encompassed astronomy, mathematics, geography, anthropology, history, and pharmacology, among others. This article explores the enduring legacy of al-Biruni, highlighting his groundbreaking contributions to the advancement of human knowledge and his enduring influence on subsequent generations of scientists and thinkers.
Keywords
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, Polymath, Islamic Golden Age
References
"Al-Biruni: Master Astronomer and Muslim Scholar of the Eleventh Century" by Mahmood Ahmad, published in the Journal of Islamic Studies.
"Al-Biruni: His Role in the History of Indian Geography" by S.M. Hadi, published in the Indian Journal of History of Science.
"Abu Rayhan al-Biruni: His Life and Works" by Hakim Mohammed Said, published in the Hamdard Islamicus Journal.
"Al-Biruni: The First Anthropologist" by Muzaffar Iqbal, published in the Islam & Science journal.
"Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance" by George Saliba, published by MIT Press.
"Science in Medieval Islam: An Illustrated Introduction" by Howard R. Turner, published by University of Texas Press.
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