The article presents some data obtained on the study of photosynthesis and respiration rates of fine-fibre cotton varieties in conditions of soils with varying degrees of salinity. During the experiments, the photosynthesis and respiration rates of fine-fibre cotton varieties Surkhon-18, Termiz-202, Termiz-208, SP-1607 and Surkhon-16 were investigated in relation to the level of salinity in the soil. It was found that there is a relationship between the level of salt tolerance of photosynthesis and respiration rates among the studied varieties, and its change varies to varying degrees depending on the stages of growth and development and biological characteristics of the varieties.

Fine-fiber cotton, salinity levels, photosynthesis

1. Honghong Wu. Plant salt tolerance and Na+ sensing and transport. The crop journal. 2008. -6. -P. 215– 225.

2. Wang W., Vinocur B., Altman A. Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance// Planta 2003.-218.-P. 1–14.

3. Ittersum M.K., van Bussel L.G., van Wolf J., Grassini P.J. Can sub-Saharan Africa feed itself ?// Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2016. -113. -P. 14964–14969.

4. Jia, H.; Hao, L.; Guo, X.; Liu, S.; Yan, Y.; Guo, X. A Raf-like MAPKKK Gene, GhRaf19, Negatively Regulates Tolerance to Drought and Salt and Positively Regulates Resistance to Cold Stress by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species in Cotton. Plant Science 2016, 252, 267–281.

5. Guo, J.; Shi, G.; Guo, X.; Zhang, L.; Xu, W.; Wang, Y.; Su, Z.; Hua, J. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That Distinct Metabolic Pathways Operate in Salt-Tolerant and Salt-Sensitive Upland Cotton Varieties Subjected to Salinity Stress. Plant Science 2015, 238, 33–45.

6. Shelake RM, Kadam US, Kumar R, Pramanik D, Singh AK, Kim JY. Engineering drought and salinity tolerance traits in crops through CRISPR-mediated genome editing: Targets, tools, challenges, and perspectives. Plant Commun. 2022, 3.

7. Munns, R. Comparative Physiology of Salt and Water Stress. Plant Cell Environ 2002, 25, 239–250.

8. Qamer, Z.; Chaudhary, M.T.; Du, X.; Hinze, L.; Azhar, M.T. Review of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense Mechanisms in Gossypium Hirsutum L. in Response to Extreme Abiotic Conditions. Journal of Cotton Research 2021, 4, 9.

9. Li X, Cai J, Liu F, Dai T, Cao W, Jiang D. Physiological, proteomic and transcriptional responses of wheat to a combination of drought or waterlogging with late spring low temperature. Functional Plant Biology. 2014;41:690-703. DOI: 10.1071/FP13306.